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Toyota NZ engine

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Toyota NZ engine
Overview
ManufacturerToyota
DesignerYasushi Nouno, Hiroshi Tada, Toshifumi Takaoka[4]
Production
  • 1NZ-FXE: December 1997[1]–present
  • 1NZ-FE: July 1999[2]–present
  • 1NZ-FXP: 2017–present
  • 1NZ-FE Turbo: 2003–2013
  • 2NZ-FE: October 1999[3]–2020
Layout
ConfigurationNaturally aspirated Straight-4
Displacement
  • 1,298 cc (1.3 L)
  • 1,497 cc (1.5 L)
Cylinder bore
  • 75 mm (3.0 in)
Piston stroke
  • 73.5 mm (2.89 in)
  • 84.7 mm (3.3 in)
Cylinder block materialAluminium
Cylinder head materialAluminium
ValvetrainDOHC 4 valves per cylinder with VVT-i
Valvetrain drive systemTiming Chain
Compression ratio
  • 9.5:1–13.4:1 (hybrid)
  • 10.5:1–11.0:1 (naturally aspirated)
  • 10.5:1 (turbocharged)
  • 12.0:1 (CNG)
Combustion
TurbochargerIHI RHF4 turbo with intercooler
Fuel systemSequential fuel injection
Fuel type
Oil systemWet sump
Cooling systemWater-cooled
Output
Power output55–113 kW (75–153 PS; 74–151 hp)
Torque output111–206 N⋅m (82–152 lb⋅ft; 11–21 kg⋅m)
Chronology
Predecessor
SuccessorToyota NR engine

The Toyota NZ engine family is a straight-4 piston engine series. The 1NZ series uses aluminum engine blocks and DOHC cylinder heads. It also uses sequential fuel injection, and has 4 valves per cylinder with VVT-i.

The engines are produced by Toyota's Kamigo Plant in Toyota, Aichi, Japan (for Prius, Vitz, ist and Sienta);[2] by Siam Toyota Manufacturing in Chonburi, Thailand (1NZ for Yaris and Vios);[5][6] and by Indus Motor Company in Karachi, Pakistan (2NZ for Corolla).[5]

1NZ-FXE

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See also: Brake-specific fuel consumption
1NZ-FXE and electric motor

The 1NZ-FXE is a hybrid 1.5 L (1,497 cc) version. Bore and stroke is 75 mm × 84.7 mm (2.95 in × 3.33 in). It features forged steel connecting rods and an aluminum intake manifold. The engine has a high physical compression ratio of 13.0:1, but the closing of the inlet valve is delayed, for an effective compression ratio of 9.5:1.[7] The net result is that the engine has a greater effective expansion than compression—making it a simulated Atkinson cycle, rather than a conventional Otto cycle.

The reduction in cylinder charge means reduced torque and power output, but efficiency is increased. This combination makes the 1NZ-FXE suitable for use with the Hybrid Synergy Drive, where peak torque and power demands can be met by the electric motor and battery. Output is 57 kW (77 PS; 76 hp) at 5000 rpm with 115 N⋅m (85 lb⋅ft; 12 kg⋅m) of torque at 4000 rpm. Peak thermal efficiency is about 37%.[8] Production was discontinued in 2009, with the arrival of the 3rd generation Prius, which replaced the 1NZ-FXE with the 2ZR-FXE.

In 2012, upon the arrival of the Prius c (North America), the Aqua (Japan), and the Yaris Hybrid (Europe), an improved version was introduced. Without any belt-driven accessories, and a physical compression ratio of 13.4:1, the new version delivers an output of 55 kW (75 PS; 74 hp) at 4800 rpm with 111 N⋅m (82 lb⋅ft; 11 kg⋅m) of torque at 3600–4400 rpm.

The 1NZ-FXE Hybrid Synergy Drive in the Toyota Prius has won several International Engine of the Year awards:

  • Best Eco-friendly 2000
  • Best Eco-friendly 2001
  • Best Fuel Economy 2005
  • Best 1.4-litre to 1.8-litre 2005[9]
  • Best Fuel Economy 2006
  • Best 1.4-litre to 1.8-litre 2006[9]

Applications:

1NZ-FXP

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1NZ-FXP

The 1NZ-FXP is a hybrid 1.5 L (1,497 cc) version. Bore and stroke is 75 mm × 84.7 mm (2.95 in × 3.33 in). It features forged steel connecting rods and an aluminum intake manifold. The engine has a high physical compression ratio of 13.0:1, but the closing of the inlet valve is delayed, for an effective compression ratio of 9.5:1.[11] The net result is that the engine has a greater effective expansion than compression—making it a simulated Atkinson cycle, rather than a conventional Otto cycle.

The reduction in cylinder charge means reduced torque and power output, but efficiency is increased. This combination makes the 1NZ-FXP suitable for use with the Hybrid Synergy Drive, where peak torque and power demands can be met by the electric motor, battery and LPG-hybrid system. Output is 57 kW (77 PS; 76 hp) at 5000 rpm with 115 N⋅m (85 lb⋅ft; 12 kg⋅m) of torque at 4000 rpm. Peak thermal efficiency is about 37%.[12]

Applications:

1NZ-FE

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1NZ-FE

The 1NZ-FE is a 1.5 L (1,497 cc) conventional Otto-cycle variant of the 1NZ-FXE with VVT-i on the intake camshaft. The engine block is found in many Toyota models assembled in Japan and Asian countries. It retains the same bore and stroke, but the compression ratio is lowered to 10.5:1 (increased to 11.0:1 in 2012 for the Japanese market). Output is 76–81 kW (103–110 PS; 102–108 hp) at 6000 rpm with 132–143 N⋅m (97–105 lb⋅ft; 13–15 kg⋅m) of torque at 4200–4800 rpm. The redline is 6400 rpm. A CNG version called 1NZ-FNE was produced from April 2003, exclusively for the first generation Toyota Probox (NCP52V) until its discontinuation in 2014. It has 12.0:1 compression ratio, output is 68 kW (92 PS; 91 hp) at 6000 rpm with 125 N⋅m (92 lb⋅ft; 13 kg⋅m) of torque at 4000 rpm.

Applications:

1NZ-FE Turbo

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Early version
Latest version

The 1NZ-FE Turbo is a 1.5 L (1,497 cc) with an air-to-air intercooler turbocharged conventional Otto-cycle variant of the 1NZ-FE with VVT-i developed by Toyota Racing Development (TRD). The engine block is found in many Toyota models assembled in Asian countries. It retains the same bore and stroke, even the same 10.5:1 compression ratio as the naturally aspirated sibling. Output is 105–112 kW (143–152 PS; 141–150 hp) at 6000 rpm with 196–206 N⋅m (145–152 lb⋅ft; 20–21 kg⋅m) of torque at 4000–4800 rpm. The redline is 6400 rpm.

In Japan, this unique engine was available through modified Toyota cars (tuned by TRD or Modellista (ja)) and sold officially as complete car at Toyota dealers. The turbocharger kits is also available for sale at selected Toyota dealers or TRD official store.[13]

Applications:

2NZ-FE

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The 2NZ-FE is a 1.3 L (1,298 cc) version. Bore and stroke is 75 mm × 73.5 mm (2.95 in × 2.89 in), with a compression ratio of 10.5:1. Output is 63–65 kW (84–87 hp; 86–88 PS) at 6000 rpm with 121–123 N⋅m (89–91 lb⋅ft; 12–13 kg⋅m) of torque at 4400 rpm. In 2000, it won the International Engine of the Year award in the 1-litre to 1.4-litre category.[14]

Applications:

Great Wall Motors version

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In 2008, Great Wall Motors (GWM) introduced 1.3 L and 1.5 L engines codenamed GW4G13 and GW4G15. Despite the similar codes, they have nothing to do with the Mitsubishi 4G1x engines, but instead derived from NZ design.[15][16][17] For example, the NZ engines are using timing chain to connect the crankshaft and camshafts, while the Mitsubishi 4G1x engines are using the less durable timing belt. Visually, this engine looks similar like the NZ engines such as the pulleys position and mechanically also share similarities such as the same bore x stroke size, engine displacement and interchangeable parts.[18] No statement from GWM or Toyota regarding the confirmation if these engines are officially licensed by GWM. But according the official press release by GWM in 2009, these GW4G1x engines were independently developed by themselves.[19]

The turbocharged variants of the 1.5 L engine called GW4G15T was introduced in 2011 and followed by the higher output GW4G15B in the following year. These engines were discontinued in 2019, replaced by the cleaner GW4G15F to comply with China's National V emission standard. Further new variants that comply with National VI emission standard codenamed GW4G15K, GW4G15M and the naturally aspirated hybrid GW4G15H are also produced.

GW4G13

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Power: 68 kW (91 hp; 92 PS) at 6,000 rpm
Torque: 118 N⋅m (87 lb⋅ft; 12 kg⋅m) at 4,200 rpm

Applications:

GW4G15

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Power: 78 kW (105 hp; 106 PS) at 6,000 rpm
Torque: 138 N⋅m (102 lb⋅ft; 14 kg⋅m) at 4,200 rpm

Applications:

GW4G15T

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Power: 98 kW (131 hp; 133 PS) at 5,600 rpm
Torque: 188 N⋅m (139 lb⋅ft; 19 kg⋅m) at 2,000–4,500 rpm

Applications:

GW4G15B

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Power: 110 kW (148 hp; 150 PS) at 5,600 rpm
Torque: 210 N⋅m (155 lb⋅ft; 21 kg⋅m) at 2,200–4,500 rpm

Applications:

GW4G15F

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Power: 110 kW (148 hp; 150 PS) at 5,600–6,000 rpm
Torque: 210 N⋅m (155 lb⋅ft; 21 kg⋅m) at 1,800–4,400 rpm

Applications:

GW4G15K

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Power: 110 kW (148 hp; 150 PS) at 5,500–6,000 rpm
Torque: 220 N⋅m (162 lb⋅ft; 22 kg⋅m) at 2,000–4,400 rpm

Applications:

GW4G15M

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Power: 110 kW (148 hp; 150 PS) at 5,500–6,0000 rpm
Torque: 218 N⋅m (161 lb⋅ft; 22 kg⋅m) at 1,800–4,400 rpm

Applications:

GW4G15H

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Power:
70 kW (94 hp; 95 PS) (engine)
110 kW (148 hp; 150 PS) (electric motor)
139 kW (186 hp; 189 PS) (combined)
Torque:
125 N⋅m (92 lb⋅ft; 13 kg⋅m) (engine)
250 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft; 25 kg⋅m) (electric motor)
375 N⋅m (277 lb⋅ft; 38 kg⋅m) (combined)

Applications:

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Technical Development: Engines". Toyota Motor Corporation. Archived from the original on January 1, 2013.
  2. ^ a b "General Status of Plants in Japan: Kamigo Plant". Toyota Motor Corporation. Archived from the original on August 2, 2013.
  3. ^ "Toyota Yaris Family Grows With New 1.3-Litre Versions". Toyota (GB). August 2, 1999. Archived from the original on October 22, 2015.
  4. ^ Itazaki, Hideshi (1999). The Prius That Shook The World. Tokyo: Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun. p. 147, 150, 160. ISBN 4-526-04376-1.
  5. ^ a b "Overview of Overseas Production Affiliates: Asia". Toyota Motor Corporation. Archived from the original on December 6, 2012.
  6. ^ "About STM". Siam Toyota Manufacturing. Archived from the original on February 19, 2014.
  7. ^ "Car and Driver 2004 Toyota Prius Specs" (PDF).
  8. ^ "Toyota targeting thermal efficiency of more than 45% for next-generation gasoline engines for hybrids". Green Car Congress. Retrieved 3 May 2015.
  9. ^ a b "Archive | International Engine of the Year". Engine Technology International magazine. Retrieved 10 February 2015.
  10. ^ "ProBox" (PDF). Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  11. ^ "Car and Driver 2004 Toyota Prius Specs" (PDF).
  12. ^ "Toyota targeting thermal efficiency of more than 45% for next-generation gasoline engines for hybrids". Green Car Congress. Retrieved 3 May 2015.
  13. ^ Okajima, Yuji (20 January 2004). "【TRDターボ】ディーラーチューニングならではの安心感". s.response.jp (in Japanese).
  14. ^ "1-litre to 1.4-litre: Toyota 1.3-litre VVTi". Engine Technology International. UK & International Press. Archived from the original on July 19, 2001.
  15. ^ "长城4G15系列发动机渊源". auto home.com.cn (in Chinese). 16 October 2010.
  16. ^ "长城自主1.5T发动机竟抄袭丰田技术？添加涡轮表现仍一般". www.sohu.com (in Chinese). 4 September 2017.
  17. ^ "从奴隶到将军，晒一晒长城汽车发动机的进化简史". youcheyihou.com (in Chinese).
  18. ^ "Service Manual of GW4G15/GW4G13 Gasoline Engines". www.scribd.com.
  19. ^ "Florid with 1.5L VVT full al-alloy engine launched". www.gwm-global.com (Press release). 23 February 2009.
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